Canberra 11 February 2023 In the narrative of the Dutch involvement in the Indian sub-continent, the term, Malabar coast and Kerala coast could be used interchangeably, for unlike the Portuguese, the Dutch were active across the entire coast of Kerala, which consisted of the three major kingdoms—Malabar, Cochin and Travancore. Kerala, the realm of the […]
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Tag Archives: Malabar
Europeans in India Part 7 The Dutch Enter the Fray Section II Commercial Activities – Gujarat, The Coromandel & Bengal
January 29, 2023 
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Canberra, 29 January 2023 The Dutch arrived in India and faced great opposition from the Portuguese, who pushed back with force. The animosity was such that they moved on to the Far-East and established themselves in today’s Indonesia. From their base in the archipelago, they made gradual and initially surreptitious inroads into South Asia, initially […]
Continue readingEuropeans in India – Part 7 The Dutch Enter the Fray Section I: Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC)
January 20, 2023 0 Comments
Canberra, 20 January 2023 Spain and Portugal, both staunchly Catholic countries, had divided the world between them at the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494. England and Netherlands, or Holland as it is sometimes known, both protestant countries, refused to agree to this arbitrary decision, defending the principle that ‘the sea was as free as the […]
Continue readingEuropeans in India: The Portuguese Part 6 Decline and Downfall into Oblivion
January 13, 2023 0 Comments
Canberra, 13 January 2023 Even with the extreme religious oppression, Goa remained populated by Indians, both Hindus and Christians. Some reports suggest that about 2000 Portuguese came to India annually and a majority stayed on in the sub-continent on a semi-permanent basis. However, the authenticity of these reports is questionable. Definitely, every year a certain […]
Continue readingIndian History Part 73 The Sangama Dynasty Section II: Territorial expansion Under Bukka Raya I
April 19, 2019 0 Comments
Canberra, 19 April 2019 Bukka was the ablest and best of the Sangama brothers and had been associated with the founding of the kingdom with his eldest brother from the very beginning. Harihara left no surviving son and had nominated Bukka as the ‘Yuvaraja’, or crown prince, in 1337 itself. Further, he had already performed […]
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Sanu Kainikara 
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